> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://isbm.savimbo.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://isbm.savimbo.com/methodology/zh-cn/fu-lu/fu-lukru-he-kai-zhan-fpic.md).

# 附录K：如何开展FPIC

需要指出的是，FPIC 对于 IP 和 LC 而言，会因当地法律、习俗、语言和治理结构而存在显著差异，因此必须始终实行个别化处理。此外，IP 和 LC 所适用的同意法律差异很大。IP 作为独立民族享有承认，并受国际法保护；而 LC 则可能受当地治理监管权力约束。

Savimbo 强烈建议，在 ISBM 情形下，同意应当是 *体验式的。* 即工具、培训、薪酬跟踪和信息应首先在实地部署，持续 3-6 个月，且不附带义务、不设附加条件，以便社区有时间并通过实践了解其所同意的内容、将共享哪些数据、工作内容是什么，以及生物多样性信用项目将如何运行。尤其是在考虑对跟踪活动给予适当报酬时，这一点尤为重要，因为此类活动劳动强度高，且成功实施需要专门知识。这也可为各方降低项目参与风险，建立信任，并为所有相关方节约时间和资源。

由于部分社区可能尚未明确界定 FPIC 规程，这一时期对于合作伙伴而言也至关重要，以便了解社区如何运作、谁是其领导者、其对真正同意的要求是什么，以及这些要求如何实施。在某些情况下，可能有必要聘请 *真正* 独立专家，协助社区在实施前界定其期望的 FPIC 规程。根据我们的直接经验，任何声称能够代表整个社区单独签署的人，最多只是判断错误；应谨慎核实社区的真实构成，包括在与外部人员初次谈判中可能未在场的妇女和长者的意见。&#x20;

我们建议的有效 FPIC 指南包括但不限于：&#x20;

* 可持续棕榈油圆桌倡议（RSPO） [FPIC 指南](https://rspo.org/wp-content/uploads/RSPO-Free-Prior-and-Informed-Consent-FPIC-Guide-2022_RSPO-GUI-T08-002-V2-ENG.pdf)
* First People's Worldwide FPIC [尽职调查问卷](https://www.colorado.edu/program/fpw/sites/default/files/attached-files/fpic_due_diligence_questionnaire-2.pdf)
* Forest People's Program [善意谈判指南](https://www.forestpeoples.org/sites/fpp/files/publication/2010/09/fppkeyelementsgoodfaithdec08eng.pdf)
* Sirge Coalition [FPIC 指南](https://www.sirgecoalition.org/fpic-guide)
* 生物多样性公约[ Mo’ otz Kuxtal 指南](https://www.cbd.int/doc/publications/8j-cbd-mootz-kuxtal-en.pdf)

对于 ISBM，FPIC 还必须有充分记录并进行地面核实，换言之，须通过独立的现场检查加以核证。见 [附录 L](/methodology/zh-cn/fu-lu/fu-luldu-li-zhuan-jia-zu-he-cha-qing-dan.md)


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